Digital Public Service 101: How Governments Can Benefit From It?
2024-10-26 by Naufal - Publication'23

English:
In this modern day and age, technology has advanced rapidly and almost everything is getting digitized, including public service. Public service refers to the services and facilities provided by the government agencies to help fulfill the needs of citizens and support the welfare of society. In order to achieve that purpose, public service needed to be able to provide fundamental or primary needs of the citizens, enhance the quality of life of the citizens, and be accessible for every citizen [1].
The main difference between digital public service and traditional public service is the use of digital platforms and technologies instead of paper-based methods and administrations used in the traditional public service. Rightfully used, the integration of digital platforms and technologies have a big potential in enhancing the efficiency and accessibility of public services. That being the case, governments are now starting to adopt digital public service [2].
One example of digital public service implementation is digital health service. Digital health services include remote patient monitoring, telemedicine, digital healthcare records, and healthcare information systems. Therefore, digital health services can expand healthcare access, speed up service delivery and improve healthcare efficiency and data management with one of the implementations in Indonesia being the digitalization of BPJS [3].
Furthermore, smart city technologies can also improve the efficiency and accessibility of public services. With the use of IoT (Internet of Things), smart transportations, smart waste management, and data analytics, smart city implementation provides connectivity, automation, and efficiency in public services. Moreover, smart city technologies enable a more responsive and adaptive public service and city infrastructures [4].
Additionally, E-government platforms can contribute to enhancing public services.. With the E-government platform, service and information are made available through online platforms like websites. The E-government platform represents a broad range of digital services aimed at improving government operations and citizen interactions. These platforms allowed electronic voting, digital public service requests, digital tax filings and license renewals. E-government platforms enable remote participation in government processes and citizen interaction.
Among improving efficiency and accessibility, digital public service can also facilitate a more transparent and accountable government. Digital public service can provide citizens with an easier access to information and enabling data tracking. On top of that, E-governments provide real-time updates and information on policy changes, service delivery, and public spending. Therefore citizens can help monitor the government's actions and decisions to ensure an accountable government, thereby forging greater trust among citizens and the governments [5].
In conclusion, digital public services represent a transformative approach to governance that can significantly benefit the governments and its citizens. By enhancing efficiency, accessibility, connectivity, and transparency, digital public services offer a path towards more effective and inclusive public service delivery. Therefore, efforts in improving the digital public service is crucial in shaping a better governments
Indonesian:
Di zaman modern ini, teknologi telah berkembang pesat, dan hampir semua aspek kehidupan menjadi digital, termasuk pelayanan publik. Pelayanan publik merujuk pada layanan dan fasilitas yang disediakan oleh lembaga pemerintah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan warga negara dan mendukung kesejahteraan masyarakat. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, pelayanan publik perlu mampu menyediakan kebutuhan dasar atau utama warga negara, meningkatkan kualitas hidup mereka, dan mudah diakses oleh semua warga negara [1].
Perbedaan utama antara pelayanan publik digital dan pelayanan publik tradisional adalah penggunaan platform dan teknologi digital, bukan metode berbasis kertas dan administrasi yang digunakan dalam pelayanan publik tradisional. Jika digunakan dengan tepat, integrasi platform dan teknologi digital memiliki potensi besar dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan aksesibilitas pelayanan publik. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah kini mulai mengadopsi pelayanan publik digital [2].
Salah satu contoh penerapan pelayanan publik digital adalah layanan kesehatan digital. Layanan kesehatan digital mencakup pemantauan pasien jarak jauh, telemedicine, rekam medis digital, dan sistem informasi kesehatan. Dengan demikian, layanan kesehatan digital dapat memperluas akses kesehatan, mempercepat pengiriman layanan, serta meningkatkan efisiensi dan manajemen data kesehatan, salah satu penerapannya di Indonesia adalah digitalisasi BPJS [3].
Selain itu, teknologi kota pintar juga dapat meningkatkan efisiensi dan aksesibilitas pelayanan publik. Dengan menggunakan IoT (Internet of Things), transportasi pintar, manajemen sampah pintar, dan analitik data, penerapan kota pintar menyediakan konektivitas, otomatisasi, dan efisiensi dalam pelayanan publik. Lebih lanjut, teknologi kota pintar memungkinkan pelayanan publik dan infrastruktur kota yang lebih responsif dan adaptif [4].
Platform e-government juga dapat berkontribusi dalam meningkatkan pelayanan publik. Melalui platform e-government, layanan dan informasi tersedia melalui platform online seperti situs web. Platform e-government mewakili berbagai layanan digital yang bertujuan untuk memperbaiki operasi pemerintahan dan interaksi dengan warga. Platform ini memungkinkan pemungutan suara elektronik, permintaan layanan publik digital, pengajuan pajak digital, dan perpanjangan izin. Platform e-government memungkinkan partisipasi jarak jauh dalam proses pemerintahan dan interaksi warga negara.
Selain meningkatkan efisiensi dan aksesibilitas, pelayanan publik digital juga dapat memfasilitasi pemerintahan yang lebih transparan dan akuntabel. Pelayanan publik digital memberikan akses informasi yang lebih mudah bagi warga dan memungkinkan pelacakan data. Di samping itu, e-government menyediakan pembaruan informasi secara real-time tentang perubahan kebijakan, penyampaian layanan, dan pengeluaran publik. Dengan demikian, warga dapat membantu memantau tindakan dan keputusan pemerintah untuk memastikan akuntabilitas pemerintah, yang pada akhirnya membangun kepercayaan yang lebih besar antara warga dan pemerintah [5].
Kesimpulannya adalah pelayanan publik digital merupakan pendekatan transformatif dalam tata kelola yang dapat memberikan manfaat besar bagi pemerintah dan warga negara. Dengan meningkatkan efisiensi, aksesibilitas, konektivitas, dan transparansi, pelayanan publik digital menawarkan jalan menuju pelayanan publik yang lebih efektif dan inklusif. Oleh karena itu, upaya peningkatan pelayanan publik digital sangat penting dalam membentuk pemerintahan yang lebih baik.
Sources:
[1] “Digital Transformation: Examining the Role of Digital Technologies in Transforming Traditional Business Models and Exploring the Benefits and Challenges of Digital Transformation.,” Jan. 2023, doi: https://doi.org/10.52783/eel.v13i3.354.
[2] M. E. Milakovich, Digital Governance : Applying Advanced Technologies to Improve Public Service. Milton: Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.
[3] "USING THE DIGITALIZATION OF THE BPJS PROGRAM TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF SERVICES IN FACING THE ERA OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0.," JOURNAL of TECHNOLOGY, 1(1). 2022.
[4] O. Velsberg, U. H. Westergren, and K. Jonsson, “Exploring smartness in public sector innovation - creating smart public services with the Internet of Things,” European Journal of Information Systems, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 350–368, May 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/0960085x.2020.1761272.
[5] F. Tejedo-Romero, J. F. F. E. Araujo, Á. Tejada, and Y. Ramírez, “E-government mechanisms to enhance the participation of citizens and society: Exploratory analysis through the dimension of municipalities,” Technology in Society, vol. 70, p. 101978, Aug. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.101978.
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